key lighting is the first and usually most important light that a photographer, cinematographer, or other scene composer will use in a lighting setup. The purpose of the key light is to highlight the form and dimension of the subject. The key light is not a rigid requirement; omitting the key light can result in a silhouette effect. Many key lights may be placed in a scene to illuminate a moving subject at opportune moments.
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Photographic images can vary in overall brightness, which is used to support the underlying emotion of the scene. High-key lighting means an overall brighter picture, while low-keylighting means an overall darker picture. Mid-key lighting falls in the middle, yielding average brightness.
The dramatic content of the scene dictates its brightness. Generally, you will find that high-key lighting is favored for upbeat scenes, and low-key lighting is the choice for slow or taut dramatic action.
Although high-key and low-key refer to a picture's overall brightness, parts of the frame can be illuminated differently to affect attention or composition. For example, parts of a low-key image can be brightened to facilitate perception, while parts of a high-key image can be darkened to create a more interesting composition.
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